Military-History
Dazzle camouflage - Wikipedia
Dazzle camouflage, also known as razzle dazzle (in the U.S.) or dazzle painting, is a type of ship camouflage that was used extensively in World War I, and to a lesser extent in World War II and afterwards. Credited to the British marine artist Norman Wilkinson, though with a rejected prior ...
added Aug 30, 2026
Read article →Nicolas Appert - Wikipedia
In honor of Appert, canning is sometimes called "appertization", which is distinct from pasteurization. Despite his technical successes, Appert had financial troubles due to the high cost of his equipment and the fact that he was not a very good businessman. He declared bankruptcy in 1806, but was a…
added Aug 28, 2026
Read article →Ledo Road - Wikipedia
British engineers had surveyed the route for a road for the first 130 kilometres (80 miles). After the British had been pushed back out of most of Burma by the Japanese, building this road became a priority for the United States. After Rangoon was captured by the Japanese and before the Ledo Road wa…
added Aug 26, 2026
Read article →Operation Pluto | D-Day Revisited
Operation PLUTO (Pipe Line Under The Ocean) was to supply petrol from storage tanks in southern England to the advancing Allied armies in France in the weeks and months following D-Day.
added Aug 24, 2026
Read article →Red Ball Express - Wikipedia
The Red Ball Express was an American truck convoy system that supplied Allied forces moving through Europe after breaking out from the D-Day beaches in Normandy in the summer of 1944. To expedite cargo shipments to the front, trucks emblazoned with red balls followed a similarly marked route ...
added Aug 22, 2026
Read article →Room 40 - Wikipedia
The Zimmermann Telegram. New York: Ballantine Books. OCLC 957495910. Winkler, Jonathan Reed (July 2009). "Information Warfare in World War I". The Journal of Military History. 73 (3): 845–867. doi:10.1353/jmh.0.0324. ISSN 1543-7795. S2CID 201749182. Wyllie, James; McKinley, Michael (2016). The Codeb…
added Aug 21, 2026
Read article →One Aircraft Every 62 Seconds: The Berlin Airlift | MiGFlug
The Berlin Airlift lasted 462 days, beginning on 26 June 1948 and continuing into 1949. West Berlin needed about 8,000 tonnes of supplies per day to survive, a volume no previous airlift had approached. The operation, codenamed Operation Vittles, grew from improvisation into precisely scheduled indu…
added Aug 19, 2026
Read article →Road of Life - Wikipedia
The Road of Life (Russian: ... Lake Ladoga to Leningrad during the Second World War. They were the only Soviet winter surface routes into the city while it was besieged by the German Army Group North under Feldmarschall Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb. The routes operated in the winters of 1941–1942 and ...
added Aug 17, 2026
Read article →Napoleonic Telecommunications: The Chappe Semaphore Telegraph - Shannon Selin
When the Chappe semaphore telegraph was introduced during the French Revolution, it revolutionized communications by dramatically reducing the length of time it took for messages to travel.
added Aug 15, 2026
Read article →Mulberry harbours - Wikipedia
I, May 1945 – September 1944. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. OCLC 640653201. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2019. Stanford, Alfred B. (1951). Force Mulberry: The Planning and Installation of the Artificial …
added Aug 13, 2026
Read article →Dominique Jean Larrey - Wikipedia
Dominique Jean, Baron Larrey (8 July 1766 – 25 July 1842) was a French surgeon and soldier best known for his service in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. An important innovator in battlefield medicine and triage, he invented the flying ambulance and is sometimes considered the ...
added Aug 12, 2026
Read article →Venetian Arsenal - Wikipedia
Shipbuilders of the Venetian Arsenal: Workers and Workplace in the Pre-Industrial City. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 201, back cover. ISBN ... ↑ Konstam, A.; Bryan, T. (2002). Renaissance War Galley 1470-1590. Oxford, U.K.: Osprey Publishing. p. 22. ISBN ... ↑ Atauz, A.D. "…
added Aug 10, 2026
Read article →Ghost Army: The Combat Con Artists of World War II | The National WWII Museum | New Orleans
Activated on January 20, 1944, the 23rd Headquarters Special Troops consisted of artists, engineers, soldiers, and draftees who employed inflatable tanks, fake radio transmissions, sound effects, and visual deception to simulate entire divisions ...
added Aug 8, 2026
Read article →Fortifications of Vauban - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
L’œuvre de Vauban comprend 12 groupes de bâtiments fortifiés et de constructions le long des frontières nord, est et ouest de la France. Ils constituent les meilleurs exemples du travail de Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban (1633-1707), ...
added Aug 7, 2026
Read article →U.S. Army Transportation Corps and Transportation School | Fort Lee, Virginia
The huge convoy stretching from horizon to horizon was part of the Red Ball Express, the famed trucking operation in the European Theater of Operations (ETO) in the late summer and fall of 1944 that supplied the rapidly advancing American armies as they streamed toward the German frontier.
added Aug 5, 2026
Read article →Battle of Sekigahara - Wikipedia
The Battle of Sekigahara (Shinjitai: ... 21, 1600 (Keichō 5, 15th day of the 9th month) in what is now Gifu Prefecture, Japan, at the end of the Sengoku period. This battle was fought by the forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu against a coalition loyal to the Toyotomi clan, led by Ishida Mitsunari on behalf o…
added Aug 3, 2026
Read article →Battle of Marathon | Map, Summary & Significance - Lesson | Study.com
Due to the tactical superiority of the Greek hoplite soldiers, who fought in the phalanx formation, the Athenians triumphed over the Persians. The hoplites' main advantage were their shields, with an outer bronze layer, and their heavier armor.
added Aug 1, 2026
Read article →The Winter War's Classic Victory - Warfare History Network
But when Stalin’s troops and tanks butted their heads uselessly against the Finnish troops defending the Mannerheim Line (named for their commander in chief, Baron Gustav Mannerheim), Stalin decided to put the pressure on Finland’s central belt, sending the 9th Army toward Oulu via the small town of…
added Jul 30, 2026
Read article →Battle of Kircholm - Wikipedia
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth army under Chodkiewicz was composed of roughly 1,000 infantry and 2,600 cavalry, but only five cannons. However, the Polish-Lithuanian forces were well-rested, and their cavalry consisted mostly of superbly trained Winged Hussars, or heavy cavalry armed ...
added Jul 29, 2026
Read article →Battle of Tannenberg - Wikipedia
Military historian Walter Elze ... that Ludendorff had been in a state of panic that evening. Hindenburg would also remark: "After all, I know something about the business, I was the instructor in tactics at the War Academy for six years". The defeat of the 2nd Army, which occurred almost by acciden…
added Jul 27, 2026
Read article →Battle of Cambrai (1917) - Wikipedia
Major General Henry Tudor, Commander, ... tactics on his sector of the front. During preparations, J. F. C. Fuller, a staff officer with the Tank Corps, looked for places to use tanks for raids. General Julian Byng, commander of the Third Army, decided to combine both plans. The French and British a…
added Jul 25, 2026
Read article →Battle of Isandlwana - Wikipedia
Knight, Ian (2002). Isandlwana 1879: The Great Zulu Victory. Osprey. ISBN ... Knight, Ian (2003). The Anglo-Zulu War.
added Jul 23, 2026
Read article →Operation Mincemeat - Wikipedia
Operation Mincemeat was a successful British deception operation of the Second World War to disguise the 1943 Allied invasion of Sicily.
added Jul 21, 2026
Read article →Battle of Castillon | French, Hundred Years’ War, 1453 | Britannica
The French cannon inflicted heavy ... in Castillon surrendered the next day, and the capitulation of Bordeaux in October restored Guyenne and Gascony to France and ended the war....
added Jul 20, 2026
Read article →Battle of Leyte Gulf - Wikipedia
By late 1944, the U.S. Seventh Fleet contained units of the U.S. Navy and the Royal Australian Navy. Before the major naval actions in Leyte Gulf had begun, HMAS Australia and USS Honolulu were severely damaged by Japanese air attacks; during the battle proper these two cruisers were retiring, ...
added Jul 18, 2026
Read article →Battle of Blenheim - Wikipedia
Memoirs of the Duke of Marlborough. Vol. i. London. Creasy, Edward Shepherd (1851). The Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World. Vol. II. London: Richard Bentley. David, Saul (2012). All the King's Men: The British Soldier from the Restoration to Waterloo. London: Viking. ISBN ... Falkner, James (2004…
added Jul 16, 2026
Read article →Battle of Red Cliffs - Wikipedia
The Battle of Red Cliffs, also ... decisive naval battle in China that took place during the winter of 208–209 AD. It was fought on the Yangtze River between the forces of warlords controlling different parts of the country during the end of the Han dynasty. The allied forces of Sun Quan, Liu Bei, a…
added Jul 15, 2026
Read article →Battle of Poltava - Wikipedia
The Battle of Poltava fought on 8 July 1709, was the decisive and largest battle of the Great Northern War. A Russian army under the command of Tsar Peter I defeated a Swedish army commanded by Carl Gustaf Rehnskiöld. The battle would lead to the Swedish Empire losing its status as a European great …
added Jul 13, 2026
Read article →Battle of Diu - Wikipedia
The Battle of Diu was a naval battle fought on 3 February 1509 in the Arabian Sea, in the port of Diu, India, between the Portuguese Empire and a joint fleet of the Sultan of Gujarat, the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt and the Zamorin of Calicut. The Portuguese victory was critical: the great Muslim alli…
added Jul 12, 2026
Read article →Battle of Gaugamela - Wikipedia
The Battle of Gaugamela ... Gaugámēla, lit. 'the Camel's House' ), also called the Battle of Arbela (Ἄρβηλα, Árbēla · ), took place in 331 BC between the forces of the Army of Macedon under Alexander the Great and the Persian Army under King Darius III. It was the second and final battle between the…
added Jul 10, 2026
Read article →Battle of Manzikert - Wikipedia
The Battle of Manzikert or Malazgirt ... and the Seljuk Empire on 26 August 1071 near Manzikert, Iberia (modern Malazgirt in Muş Province, eastern Turkey). The decisive defeat of the Byzantine army and the capture of the emperor Romanos IV Diogenes played an important role in undermining Byzantine a…
added Jul 9, 2026
Read article →Battle of Alesia - Wikipedia
The Battle of Alesia or Siege of Alesia (September 52 BC) was the climactic military engagement of the Gallic Wars, fought around the Gallic oppidum (fortified settlement) of Alesia in modern France, a major centre of the Mandubii tribe. It was fought by the Roman army of Julius Caesar against a con…
added Jul 8, 2026
Read article →Battle of Jutland - Wikipedia
A German naval expert, writing publicly about Jutland in November 1918, commented, "Our Fleet losses were severe. On 1 June 1916, it was clear to every thinking person that this battle must, and would be, the last one". At the end of the battle, the British had maintained their numerical superiority…
added Jul 6, 2026
Read article →Battle of Nagashino | Significance & Description | Britannica
Oda ordered his musketeers to fire volleys as the Takeda cavalry approached. This tactic broke the cavalry charge, but the Takeda force fought on until mid-afternoon, when they began to retreat and were pursued.
added Jul 5, 2026
Read article →Battle of Cannae - Wikipedia
Having recovered from their losses ... decided to engage Hannibal at Cannae, with approximately 86,000 Roman and allied socii · troops. They massed their heavy infantry in a deeper formation than usual, while Hannibal used the double envelopment tactic and surrounded his enemy, ...
added Jul 4, 2026
Read article →Battle of Rorke's Drift - Wikipedia
The Battle of Rorke's Drift, also ... in the Anglo-Zulu War. The successful British defence of the mission station of Rorke's Drift, under the command of Lieutenants John Chard of the Royal Engineers and Gonville Bromhead of the 24th Regiment of Foot, began once a large contingent of Zulu warriors b…
added Jul 3, 2026
Read article →Battle of Adwa - Wikipedia
The Battle of Adwa was the climactic battle of the First Italo-Ethiopian War. It was fought on 1 March 1896, near the town of Adwa between the Ethiopian Empire under Emperor Menelik II and an Italian colonial force led by General Oreste Baratieri.
added Jul 1, 2026
Read article →Pickett's Charge - Wikipedia
Pickett's Charge was an infantry assault on July 3, 1863, during the Battle of Gettysburg. It was ordered by Confederate General Robert E. Lee as part of his plan to break through Union lines and achieve a decisive victory in the North. The charge was named after Major General George Pickett, ...
added Jul 1, 2026
Read article →Battle of Talas - Wikipedia
Sources differ on whether the Karluks ... were Abbasid allies from the start. The defeat marked the end of Tang influence in Transoxiana and halted Tang westward expansion. After the battle, the caliph dispatched an envoy to the emperor, who arrived in December 752 to negotiate the restoration of di…
added Jun 30, 2026
Read article →Battle of the Yarmuk - Wikipedia
To check the Arab advance and to ... in May 636. As the Byzantine army approached, the Arabs tactically withdrew from Syria and regrouped all their forces at the Yarmuk plains close to the Arabian Peninsula, where they were reinforced, and defeated the numerically superior Byzantine army. The Battle…
added Jun 26, 2026
Read article →Battle of Trafalgar - Wikipedia
The victory confirmed Britain's ... through Nelson's departure from prevailing naval tactical orthodoxy. Although the battle led to the definitive end of French plans to invade Britain, it had a limited impact on the War of the Third Coalition, which ended a few months later in defeat for Britain ..…
added Jun 25, 2026
Read article →Battle of Austerlitz - Wikipedia
Napoleon gave every indication ... Pratzen Heights near Austerlitz. He deployed the French army below the Pratzen Heights and weakened his right flank, enticing the Allies to launch an assault there to roll up the French line....
added Jun 24, 2026
Read article →Battle of Hattin - Wikipedia
It is also known as the Battle of the Horns of Hattin, due to the shape of the nearby extinct volcano of that name. The Muslim armies under Saladin captured or killed the vast majority of the Crusader forces, removing their capability to wage war. As a direct result of the battle, Muslims once ...
added Jun 22, 2026
Read article →Battle of Salamis - Wikipedia
As a result of subterfuge on the part of Themistocles (which included a message directly sent to Xerxes letting him know that much of the Greek fleet was stationed at Salamis), the Persian navy rowed into the Straits of Salamis and tried to block both entrances.
added Jun 21, 2026
Read article →Battle of Cajamarca - Wikipedia
The Battle of Cajamarca, also spelled Cajamalca (though many contemporary scholars prefer to call it the Cajamarca massacre), was the ambush and seizure of the Incan ruler Atahualpa by a small Spanish force led by Francisco Pizarro, on November 16, 1532. The Spanish killed thousands of Atahualpa's .…
added Jun 20, 2026
Read article →Battle of Vienna - Wikipedia
At around 6:00 pm, the Polish king ordered the cavalry to attack in four contingents, three Polish groups and one from the Holy Roman Empire. 18,000 horsemen charged down the hills, the largest cavalry charge in history. Sobieski led the charge at the head of 3,000 Polish heavy lancers, the ...
added Jun 18, 2026
Read article →Battle of Thermopylae - Wikipedia
In response, the Athenian politician ... force of approximately 7,000 men – including an estimated 300 Spartans – led by Leonidas marched north to block the pass of Thermopylae....
added Jun 17, 2026
Read article →Battle of the Teutoburg Forest - Wikipedia
The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, ... Fighting began with an ambush by the Germanic alliance on three Roman legions being led by Publius Quinctilius Varus and their auxiliaries; the alliance was led by Arminius, a Germanic chieftain and officer of Varus's auxilia...
added Jun 16, 2026
Read article →Battle of Mohi - Wikipedia
The main army, led by Batu Khan and Subutai, attacked Hungary through the fortified Verecke Pass and annihilated the army led by Denis Tomaj, the count palatine, on 12 March 1241, while the final army under Batu's brother Shiban marched in an arc north of the main force. Prior to the invasion, King …
added Jun 15, 2026
Read article →Great Siege of Malta - Wikipedia
The siege lasted nearly four months, from 18 May to 8 September 1565. The Knights Hospitaller had been headquartered in Malta since 1530, after being driven out of Rhodes, also by the Ottomans, in 1522, following the siege of Rhodes. The Ottomans first attempted to take Malta in 1551 but failed.
added Jun 13, 2026
Read article →Tōgō Heihachirō | Victory at Tsushima, Russo-Japanese War, Naval Strategist | Britannica
Tōgō made a maneuver called “crossing the enemy’s T”—i.e., he turned his column across the Russian line of advance—and destroyed 33 out of the 35 Russian ships, ending the war.
added Jun 12, 2026
Read article →Battle of Lepanto | History, Combatants, Location, Significance, & Facts | Britannica
Battle of Lepanto, (October 7, ... of Cyprus. The battle marked the first significant victory for a Christian naval force over a Turkish fleet and the climax of the age of galley warfare in the Mediterranean....
added Jun 11, 2026
Read article →Battle of Stalingrad - Wikipedia
Marked by intense close-quarters combat and heavy civilian losses during aerial bombardment, the battle is considered the largest and deadliest urban battle in military history and the largest battle in World War II. By the end of the fighting, the German 6th Army had been destroyed, the 4th ...
added Jun 10, 2026
Read article →Fall of Constantinople - Wikipedia
The Fall of Constantinople, also known as the Conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of Constantinople, the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, by the Ottoman Empire. The city was captured on 29 May 1453 as part of the culmination of a 53-day siege which had begun on 6 April.
added Jun 9, 2026
Read article →The Battle of Agincourt - The Company Of 1415
They overpowered the exhausted French infantry in a melee that lasted only hours but felt like an eternity. By the end, Henry V’s forces had achieved the impossible. Outnumbered nearly four-to-one, the English lost fewer than 200 men.
added Jun 7, 2026
Read article →Battle of Agincourt - Wikipedia
Then they had to walk a few hundred yards (metres) through thick mud and a press of comrades while wearing armour weighing 50–60 pounds (23–27 kg), gathering sticky clay all the way. Increasingly, they had to walk around or over fallen comrades. The surviving French men-at-arms reached the front of …
added Jun 7, 2026
Read article →Hannibal - Wikipedia
In 218 BC Hannibal attacked Saguntum (modern Sagunto, Spain), an ally of Rome in Hispania, and this attack sparked the Second Punic War. Hannibal invaded Italy by crossing the Alps with North African war elephants.
added Jun 6, 2026
Read article →The Battle of Britain How the RAF Fended Off the Luftwaffe in 1940 – AVI-8 Timepieces
The RAF was able to hold off the Luftwaffe, shooting down 56 German planes while losing only 28 of their own. One of the key factors in the RAF's victory in the Battle of Britain was their superior technology.
added Jun 6, 2026
Read article →Battle of Kursk - Wikipedia
By the time the Germans initiated the offensive, their force amounted to around 777,000 men, 2,451 tanks and assault guns (70 percent of the German armour on the Eastern Front) and 7,417 guns and mortars. The Battle of Kursk would engulf more than 70% of Germany's military force on the Eastern ...
added Jun 6, 2026
Read article →Battle of Midway - Wikipedia
The Guadalcanal campaign is regarded by some as a turning point in the Pacific War. Some authors have stated that heavy losses in carriers and veteran aircrews at Midway permanently weakened the Imperial Japanese Navy. Parshall and Tully have stated that the heavy losses in veteran aircrew ...
added Jun 5, 2026
Read article →USS Russell (DDG-59) - Wikipedia
On 21 February 2008, Russell participated, along with USS Lake Erie and USS Decatur, in the interception and destruction of the dying US satellite US 193. Between 17 and 21 May 2008, Russell participated in Exercise KhunjarHaad, a multi-national exercise held in the Gulf of Oman.
added Jun 5, 2026
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